Sigiriya Cobra Hood Cave

This is known by the name Cobra Head cave due to the natural shape of the rock itself.

The early Brahmi inscriptions indicate that this had been donated by a chieftain 'Naguliya' to the Sangha.

This cave had been used as a dwelling place for the Buddhist monks or the Sangha between 3rd and the 1st Centuries BC.

A rock cave with a dwelling place- inside construction Sigiriya

A rock cave with a dwelling place Sigiriya

The painting done on the cave ceiling belongs to the 6-7 th Centuries AD.

The Gardens of Sigiriya, Lion Rock

View of one of the pools in the garden complex

The water gardens can be seen in the central section of the western precinct. Three principal gardens are found here. The first garden consists of a plot surrounded by water. It is connected to the main precinct using four causeways, with gateways placed at the head of each causeway. This garden is built according to an ancient garden form known as char bagh, and is one of the oldest surviving models of this form.

The second contains two long, deep pools set on either side of the path. Two shallow, serpentine streams lead to these pools. Fountains made of circular limestone plates are placed here. Underground water conduits supply water to these fountains which are still functional, especially during the rainy season. Two large islands are located on either side of the second water garden. Summer palaces are built on the flattened surfaces of these islands. Two more islands are located farther to the north and the south. These islands are built in a manner similar to the island in the first water garden.
The gardens of Sigiriya, as seen from the summit of the Sigiriya rock

The third garden is situated on a higher level than the other two. It contains a large, octagonal pool with a raised podium on its northeast corner. The large brick and stone wall of the citadel is on the eastern edge of this garden.

The water gardens are built symmetrically on an east-west axis. They are connected with the outer moat on the west and the large artificial lake to the south of the Sigiriya rock. All the pools are also interlinked using an underground conduit network fed by the lake, and connected to the moats. A miniature water garden is located to the west of the first water garden, consisting of several small pools and watercourses. This recently discovered smaller garden appears to have been built after the Kashyapan period, possibly between the 10th and 13th centuries.

The boulder gardens

The boulder gardens consist of several large boulders linked by winding pathways. The gardens extend from the northern slopes to the southern slopes of the hills at the foot of Sigiris rock. Most of these boulders had a building or pavilion upon them; there are cuttings that were used as footings for brick walls and beams.it is a vital component of the spite.

The Sigiriya Rock seen from the Fountain Gardens

The terraced gardens

The terraced gardens are formed from the natural hill at the base of the Sigiriya rock. A series of terraces rises from the pathways of the boulder garden to the staircases on the rock. These have been created by the construction of brick walls, and are located in a roughly concentric plan around the rock. The path through the terraced gardens is formed by a limestone staircase. From this staircase, there is a covered path on the side of the rock, leading to the uppermost terrace where the lion staircase is situated.

 

View of the moat

Sigiriya, Lion Rock: The Mirror Wall

Originally this wall was so well polished that the king could see himself whilst he walked alongside it. Made of a kind of porcelain, the wall is now partially covered with verses scribbled by visitors to the rock. Well preserved, the mirror wall has verses dating from the 8th century. People of all types wrote on the wall, on varying subjects such as love, irony, and experiences of all sorts. Further writing on the mirror wall now has been banned for the protection of old writings of the wall.

Dr Senerat Paranavitana, an eminent Sri Lankan archaeologist, deciphered 685 verses written in the 8th, 9th and 10th centuries CE on the mirror wall.

One such poem in Sinhala is:

    "බුදල්මි. සියොවැ ආමි. සිගිරි බැලිමි. බැලු බැලු බොහො දනා ගී ලීලුයෙන් නොලීමි."

The rough translation is: "I am Budal [the writer's name]. (I) Came alone to see Sigiriya. Since all the others wrote poems, I did not!" He has left an important record that Sigiriya was visited by people beginning a very long time ago.

Sigiriya Lion Rock

Sigiriya consists of an ancient castle built by King Kashyapa during the 5th century. The Sigiriya site has the remains of an upper palace sited on the flat top of the rock, a mid-level terrace that includes the Lion Gate and the mirror wall with its frescoes, the lower palace that clings to the slopes below the rock, and the moats, walls, and gardens that extend for some hundreds of metres out from the base of the rock.

The site is both a palace and a fortress. The upper palace on the top of the rock includes cisterns cut into the rock that still retain water. The moats and walls that surround the lower palace are still exquisitely beautiful.

Rock shelters at the foot of the Sigiriya rock

Sigiriya - the path climbing up the rock fortress

Sigiriya - the stone seat of King Kasyapa

Sigiriya, Lion Rock

Lion Gate

Sigiriya is located in the central Matale District of the Central Province, Sri Lanka in an area dominated by a massive column of rock nearly 200 meters high.

According to the ancient Sri Lankan chronicle the Culavamsa the site was selected by King Kasyapa (477– 495 CE) for his new capital. He built his palace on the top of this rock and decorated its sides with colourful frescoes. 

On a small plateau about halfway up the side of this rock he built a gateway in the form of an enormous lion. 

 
The name of this place is derived from this structure —Sīhāgiri, the Lion Rock. The capital and the royal palace were abandoned after the king's death. It was used as a Buddhist monastery until the 14th century.

Sigiriya today is a UNESCO listed World Heritage Site. It is one of the best preserved examples of ancient urban planning. It is the most visited historic site in Sri Lanka.

Adam's Peak

At the top of Adam's Peak is a small Buddhist temple and the shrine of the strange footprint. It is customary to make offerings here and small coils of silver are offered by those wanting to recover from sickness. Rainwater that falls in the footprint is also said to have special healing properties.

A Buddhist monk venerating the Holy Footprint on Adam's Peak, Sri Lanka

Temple at Adam's Peak

The Legend of Adam's Peak, Sri Lanka

Adam's Peak is one of the most recognisable places in Sri Lanka, yet many people are not aware of the island's famous mountain until they visit it for themselves on their Sri Lanka holidays.



The mountain is held in sacrosanct by followers of four religions: Buddhists, Hindus, Christians and Muslims.



However, long before any of these religions appeared on the island, the mountain was worshipped by the native inhabitants of the island, the Veddas. They named the peak Samanala Kanda after one of the island's four deities. Hindus also have a different name for the peak and call it Sivan Adi Padham. They believe that the giant footprint left on the peak is Shiva's and was left on the mountain during his creation dance when he created the world.



The large footprint is five foot seven inches by two foot six inches wide, but Buddhists believe that the original footprint is even larger and was left by the Buddha on his third and final visit to Sri Lanka. If you are a follower of the Christian religion, then on your Sri Lanka holidays, you'll most probably hear the story of St. Thomas, who brought Christianity to the island. However, the mountain gets that name "Adam" from the Islamic belief that he stood for a thousand years on one foot as penance. The Islamic tradition tells how, when Adam was expelled from heaven, God put him on the peak to make the shock less terrible. This is because Ceylon was believed to the place on earth that most resembled heaven, with Adam's Peak being the closest spot on earth to heaven.



On your Sri Lanka holidays you may want to take a boat trip around the peak as the mountain is most impressive when viewed from the sea. Marco Polo was among one of the explorers who visited. Early Arab seafarers who spotted the peak, described it as the largest mountain in the world. However, the peak is not even the largest in Sri Lanka.



If you want to hike around the island, then the best time to visit is from December to May. This time is popular with pilgrims and gets busiest in the winter months of January and February. The trek takes about four hours and although it is possible to climb Adam's Peak from June to November, mist and rain make the climb much less appealing.



When climbing the mountain on your Sri Lanka holidays you will spot hundreds of beautifully coloured butterflies on your climb, which have earnt Adam's Peak its nickname, Samanalakande or butterfly mountain. Once you've reached the top, you will notice a small Buddhist temple and the shrine of the strange footprint. It is customary to make offerings here and small coils of silver are offered by those wanting to recover from sickness. Rainwater that falls in the footprint is also said to have special healing properties.



Your Sri Lanka holidays just won't be complete without taking a visit to Adam's Peak and after spending time on the spectacular mountain, you'll understand just why the Islamic tale describes it as the closest place on earth to heaven.



Reposted from eSriLankans.com

Adam's Peak Falls

This 10m-high water fall flows from the aquifers of Sri Pada & later on to Maskeli Oya Reservoir near Maskeliya.

Adam’s Peak, also known as Samanalakande (Butterfly Mountain), stands at 7,353 feet. The area has been a pilgrimage place for thousands of years. The existence of a huge footprint on its summit, means that it has come to be regarded as being a holy place. Christians believe it to be the place where Adam first stood when cast out of heaven, whilst Buddhists believe that the footprint belongs to Buddha and refer to the mountain as Sri Pada (Holy Footprint).

Sri Pada or Adam's Peak: Lanka's Holy Mountain

Though not the highest mountain of Sri Lanka, the striking pyramid of Adam's Peak (7,360 ft) is certainly the most remarkable. A depression in the rocky summit resembles a huge footprint, which has been venerated as a sacred sigh from remote antiquity. This was identified by Buddhists as the Buddha's footprint, by Hindus as that of Shiva, and by Muslims as Adam's. Later the Portuguese attributed it to St. Thomas the Apostle.

The Mahawamsa tells how the sacred footprint was imprinted by the departing Buddha on his third visit to Lanka, but the site did not become an object of regular Buddhist pilgrimage until the Polonnaruwa period, when Vijayabahu I built resting houses for pilgrims and King Nissankamalla himself, in the year 1201, climbed to the top and worshipped the spot.

The Muslim tradition of a footprint of Adam, first of the prophets, goes back to gnostic sources as early as the Mahawamsa itself. According to the legend, Adam was hurled from Paradise for his disobedience and stood in penance for a thousand years on one foot at the top of Adam's Peak, after which he was reunited with Eve on Mt. Arafat overlooking Mecca. By the ninth century, this footprint was consequently considered one of the most sacred sites in the world. 

Reposted from Sri Prada.org